Every step, every du'a in Arabic and English with audio, the rules that govern travel today, and the ground you'll walk in Makkah and Madinah.
A summary of how entry and pilgrimage permits currently work. Rules are set and updated by Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Hajj and Umrah — treat this as an orientation and always re-check the Nusuk platform before you book or travel.
Nusuk is Saudi Arabia's official platform for pilgrims — the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah's single point for permits, bookings and on-the-ground support. Registration takes your passport or visa details, a verification code sent to your phone, and a password; once your account is active, everything below sits inside it.
A timed entry slot to Masjid al-Haram — mandatory for every pilgrim before entering, regardless of visa type.
A separate booking for the small, high-demand area inside Masjid an-Nabawi known as Al-Rawdah Al-Sharifah.
Add family members or children to your account so their permits move together with yours.
Optional visits to historic sites around Makkah and Madinah, booked the same way as your main permits.
Haramain High-Speed Rail tickets, hotel accommodation and flight bookings through approved providers.
Live crowd-density readings, maps and guided tours, the Qur'an, collected du'as, prayer times and Qiblah direction.
The area between the Prophet's ﷺ pulpit and his house — described in hadith as one of the gardens of Paradise — admits visitors only by timed permit. Booking is free; the whole process runs through Nusuk, and any paid third-party "booking service" should be treated with suspicion.
Your Nusuk profile and passport details need to be fully verified before Rawdah booking becomes available — an incomplete profile is the most common reason the option won't open.
It sits apart from the Umrah permit screen — a frequent first-time mix-up is booking one and assuming it covers both.
Slots typically release 7–14 days ahead (tightening to 3–5 days during Ramadan and the Hajj season), so an empty calendar further out is normal, not an error.
The confirmed appointment and its QR code appear under My Profile → My Bookings, and are also emailed to your registered address as a backup.
Stewards scan the code at the entry point; without a valid permit, entry to the Rawdah itself isn't permitted, though the rest of Masjid an-Nabawi remains open.
You'll want data for Nusuk, maps and calling home — here's how pilgrims usually get online in Saudi Arabia.
A physical SIM means a short stop at the airport; an eSIM (from a Saudi carrier or an international eSIM marketplace) can be bought online, installed via QR code before departure, and left ready to switch on.
STC, Mobily and Zain all run kiosks at Jeddah's King Abdulaziz International and Madinah's Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International — have your passport ready and expect a short fingerprint or biometric step to activate the line, which Saudi telecom rules require of every provider.
Saudi Arabia now lets international pilgrims activate an eSIM straight through a carrier's app using biometric verification via the Absher platform — no store visit needed, which is useful when airport counters are busy during peak Umrah season.
All three carriers let you recharge through their apps, at convenience stores, or by USSD code — keep a little local cash for the first top-up in case a card payment doesn't go through.
Umrah has no fixed date on the solar calendar — the Islamic year is lunar, so your trip's Gregorian date shifts by about 10–11 days earlier each year. That means weather and crowd size are two separate things to plan around, and they don't always move together.
The busiest single stretch on the calendar, regardless of what the weather is doing outside. Hotel prices climb, flights fill up months ahead, and — as noted earlier — Nusuk permit and Rawdah slots tighten to just 3–5 days out. If Ramadan is your goal, book earlier than you think you need to.
Umrah visas and permits pause during this stretch so the Kingdom can focus on Hajj. Hajj itself is expected around late May 2026, and will keep drifting earlier through the Gregorian calendar in the years after — check the current Hijri dates before you plan around it.
A reference checklist, not a rulebook — tick off items as you pack. Nothing here is saved once you close the page, so download a copy before you go.
Between cities, from the airport, and around the Haram itself — here's how pilgrims usually move.
The fastest and most comfortable way to cover ground: roughly two and a half hours between Makkah and Madinah, with a stop at Jeddah's King Abdulaziz International Airport along the way. Book through the official HHR Train app or website — enter your passport name exactly as it appears on your passport, and keep a copy of the ticket offline.
Jeddah's King Abdulaziz International is the main gateway for most pilgrims; Madinah's Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International handles many direct Umrah flights too. Careem, Uber and metered taxis all operate from both — use the airport's marked pickup area rather than accepting an offer from someone walking the arrivals hall. Many Umrah packages also include a pre-arranged private transfer; check with your travel agent before booking your own.
Official white taxis are metered and available near hotels and the Haram; agree on the fare or insist on the meter before you set off. For a half-day trip to sites like Jabal al-Nour or Uhud, your hotel or a licensed local tour operator can usually arrange a car and driver for a fixed price — often more relaxed than juggling an app for several stops.
Both Masjid al-Haram and Masjid an-Nabawi are largely a walk once you're there — most hotels within the central zone are five to fifteen minutes on foot. For anyone who needs extra support, the mosque authorities provide free wheelchairs at designated points near the gates, and paid electric-cart services operate along the outer courtyards for longer distances.
Umrah means "to visit a populated place" — the lesser pilgrimage to the Ka'bah, performed any time of year rather than on Hajj's fixed dates. Its rites trace back to Ibrahim and Isma'il, peace be upon them, who raised the Ka'bah and whose family's search for water became the walk between Safa and Marwah; the Prophet ﷺ himself performed it four times.
Its reward is described plainly in hadith: "Umrah after Umrah is an expiation for what came between them" (Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim), and "Follow up Hajj and Umrah, for they remove poverty and sin as the bellows removes impurity from iron" (Sunan al-Tirmidhi). Scholars differ on whether it's obligatory once in a lifetime — the Shafi'i and Hanbali view, reading Qur'an 2:196 — or a strongly emphasised sunnah, as the Hanafi and Maliki view holds. Either way, it's one of the most rewarded acts of worship a Muslim can undertake.
Whatever the ruling on obligation, the rites themselves are fixed — four pillars, in sequence. This overview gives you the shape of the whole trip; the next section opens each stage with its exact wording.
At or before the miqat: ghusl, the ihram garments, the intention, and the Talbiyah — the state you enter and stay in until the final trim.
Seven circuits of the Ka'bah beginning at the Black Stone, then two rak'ahs near Maqam Ibrahim and a drink of Zamzam.
Seven passes between Safa and Marwah, retracing Hajar's search for water — the walk that gave Zamzam its name.
Shaving or trimming the hair closes Umrah and releases you from ihram — the visit is complete.
Each stage below has its Arabic text, transliteration and English meaning — tap to open it, then press Listen to hear it spoken aloud.
Perform ghusl — a full purifying bath, the Prophet's ﷺ own practice before entering ihram — then wear the ihram garments (unstitched white cloths for men; plain, modest clothing for women — the face and hands remain uncovered), make your intention, and begin reciting the Talbiyah, which you repeat often until you start Tawaf.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْعُمْرَةَ فَيَسِّرْهَا لِي وَتَقَبَّلْهَا مِنِّي
Allāhumma innī urīdul-'umrata fa yassirhā lī wa taqabbalhā minnī
O Allah, I intend to perform Umrah — make it easy for me, and accept it from me.
Intention is an act of the heart; this wording is a commonly taught form, not a fixed recitation.
لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ، لَبَّيْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ، إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ وَالنِّعْمَةَ لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ
Labbayk Allāhumma labbayk, labbayka lā sharīka laka labbayk, innal-ḥamda wan-ni'mata laka wal-mulk, lā sharīka lak
Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am, You have no partner, here I am. Verily all praise, grace and dominion are Yours. You have no partner.
Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim. Men recite it aloud; women say it quietly.
Enter with the right foot, as with any mosque, and lower your gaze in humility as the Ka'bah comes into view. Many raise their hands and make personal du'a at first sight — there's no single wording required for that moment; speak to Allah in your own words.
اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ
Allāhumma-ftaḥ lī abwāba raḥmatik
O Allah, open the gates of Your mercy for me.
Sahih Muslim — the general dua for entering any mosque.
Begin level with the Black Stone (Hajar al-Aswad), Ka'bah on your left. Say the takbir at the start of each of the seven circuits — kissing or touching the stone if possible, otherwise gesturing toward it without pushing. Between the Yemeni Corner and the Black Stone, recite the verse below; elsewhere, any dhikr or personal du'a is fine. Close with two rak'ahs near Maqam Ibrahim (Surah al-Kafirun, then al-Ikhlas) and a drink of Zamzam.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ، وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ
Bismillāh, wallāhu akbar
In the name of Allah, and Allah is the Greatest.
رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
Rabbanā ātinā fid-dunyā ḥasanatan wa fil-ākhirati ḥasanatan wa qinā 'adhāban-nār
Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.
Qur'an 2:201, repeated by the Prophet ﷺ on this exact stretch of Tawaf (Sunan Abu Dawud).
وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى
Wattakhidhū min maqāmi Ibrāhīma muṣallā
And take the station of Ibrahim as a place of prayer.
Qur'an 2:125 — recited before the two rak'ahs. Pray them anywhere in the mosque if the area is crowded.
Approach Safa reciting the verse below, then climb it, face the Ka'bah, and say the takbir three times followed by the dhikr — repeating the whole sequence three times with your own du'a in between. Walk to Marwah (this is one circuit), repeat the same dhikr there, and continue for seven one-way trips in total, ending at Marwah.
إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ ﴿١٥٨﴾ أَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اللَّهُ بِهِ
Innaṣ-ṣafā wal-marwata min sha'ā'irillāh — abda'u bimā bada'a Allāhu bih
Indeed, Safa and Marwah are among the symbols of Allah. I begin with what Allah began with.
Qur'an 2:158, with the Prophet's ﷺ own opening words (Sahih Muslim).
لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ، أَنْجَزَ وَعْدَهُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَهَزَمَ الْأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ
Lā ilāha illallāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lah, lahul-mulku wa lahul-ḥamdu yuḥyī wa yumītu wa huwa 'alā kulli shay'in qadīr. Lā ilāha illallāhu waḥdah, anjaza wa'dahu wa naṣara 'abdahu wa hazamal-aḥzāba waḥdah
There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner. His is the dominion and His is all praise; He gives life and causes death, and He has power over all things. There is no god but Allah alone, who fulfilled His promise, granted victory to His servant, and defeated the enemy alliance alone.
Sahih Muslim — said three times, facing the Qiblah, with personal du'a after each repetition.
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ عِلْمًا نَافِعًا، وَرِزْقًا وَاسِعًا، وَشِفَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ دَاءٍ
Allāhumma innī as'aluka 'ilman nāfi'an, wa rizqan wāsi'an, wa shifā'an min kulli dā'
O Allah, I ask You for beneficial knowledge, ample provision, and healing from every illness.
A widely used form drawn on the hadith "Zamzam water is for whatever it is drunk for" (Ibn Majah) — make it your own du'a, this need not be recited verbatim.
Men shave the head completely (halq) or trim evenly all over (taqsir); the Prophet ﷺ prayed for those who shave three times and for those who trim once — shaving is the more complete option for men. Women cut roughly a fingertip's length from a gathered lock of hair. Once done, ihram restrictions end and your Umrah is complete — no fixed du'a is prescribed for this step itself.
These aren't part of the four pillars above, but they're some of the most-read du'as around an Umrah trip — when you set out, when you first reach Madinah, and when you stand before the Prophet's ﷺ grave.
اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ وَإِنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا الْبِرَّ وَالتَّقْوَى وَمِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تَرْضَى
Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar. Subḥānal-ladhī sakhkhara lanā hādhā wa mā kunnā lahu muqrinīn, wa innā ilā rabbinā lamunqalibūn. Allāhumma innā nas'aluka fī safarinā hādhal-birra wat-taqwā, wa minal-'amali mā tarḍā
Allah is the Greatest, three times. Glory to the One who made this possible for us — we could not have done it ourselves — and to our Lord we shall return. O Allah, we ask You for righteousness and piety on this journey, and for deeds that please You.
Sahih Muslim, narrated by Ibn Umar — said whenever mounting transport to travel, including on the way to the airport.
اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَمَا أَظْلَلْنَ، وَرَبَّ الْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ وَمَا أَقْلَلْنَ، أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ وَخَيْرَ أَهْلِهَا، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ أَهْلِهَا
Allāhumma rabbas-samāwātis-sab'i wa mā aẓlalna, wa rabbal-araḍīnas-sab'i wa mā aqlalna, as'aluka khayra hādhihil-qaryati wa khayra ahlihā, wa a'ūdhu bika min sharrihā wa sharri ahlihā
O Allah, Lord of the seven heavens and what they shade, and Lord of the seven earths and what they carry — I ask You for the good of this town and the good of its people, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil of its people.
Sunan al-Nasa'i, graded hasan by several scholars — recited entering any town, and often said arriving in Madinah specifically.
السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ
As-salāmu 'alayka ayyuhan-nabiyyu wa raḥmatullāhi wa barakātuh
Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings.
The same greeting said in every prayer's tashahhud (Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim) — customarily repeated quietly, facing the grave, without touching or pressing against the grille.
اللَّهُمَّ يَا رَبَّ الْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ أَعْتِقْ رِقَابَنَا وَرِقَابَ آبَائِنَا وَأُمَّهَاتِنَا وَإِخْوَانِنَا وَأَوْلَادِنَا مِنَ النَّارِ
Allāhumma yā rabbal-baytil-'atīq, a'tiq riqābanā wa riqāba ābā'inā wa ummahātinā wa ikhwāninā wa awlādinā minan-nār
O Allah, Lord of the Ancient House, free our necks and the necks of our parents, siblings and children from the Fire.
Widely recited at the Multazam, though its chain is considered weak by several hadith scholars — treat it as a heartfelt personal supplication rather than a verified prophetic text, and feel free to make du'a here in your own words instead.
Charity is rewarded everywhere, but many scholars hold that good deeds carry extra weight in the two Harams — reason enough for sadaqah to be a deliberate part of the trip, not an afterthought. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Charity does not decrease wealth" (Sahih Muslim), and "Save yourself from the Fire even with half a date given in charity" (Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim).
Beyond the two mosques, both cities hold sites tied closely to the Seerah. Many are optional ziyarat stops rather than rites of Umrah itself.
The Grand Mosque surrounding the Ka'bah — the direction every Muslim faces in prayer, and the heart of both Umrah and Hajj.
The mountain where the Prophet ﷺ received the first revelation inside the cave of Hira, reached by a steep climb east of the Haram.
South of the city, where the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr sheltered in a cave during the migration to Madinah while being pursued.
The tented valley where Hajj pilgrims stay for several days — a short distance from the Haram, quiet outside the Hajj season.
Where the Prophet ﷺ gave his Farewell Sermon; standing here is the single obligatory pillar of Hajj, though it lies outside Umrah.
The open plain between Arafat and Mina where Hajj pilgrims gather pebbles and spend the night under open sky.
The Prophet's ﷺ Mosque in the heart of Madinah, built around his original house and expanded into one of the world's largest mosques.
The garden of Paradise on earth, described in hadith — the space between the Prophet's ﷺ pulpit and his house, now permit-only.
The first mosque in Islamic history, founded by the Prophet ﷺ on arrival in Madinah — praying two rak'ahs here carries the reward of an Umrah, per hadith.
The Mosque of the Two Qiblahs, where the direction of prayer changed mid-salah from Jerusalem to Makkah.
Site of the second major battle of early Islam; the martyrs' cemetery at its foot, including Hamzah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, is a common ziyarat stop.
Madinah's historic cemetery beside the Prophet's Mosque, resting place of many of his family and companions.
Where pilgrims usually pick up gifts, essentials and a good meal, near both mosques.
A vast mall directly beside Masjid al-Haram — prayer wear, abayas, perfumes, dates and souvenirs across several floors, with mosque views from the upper levels.
An older, closer-in market for prayer beads, oud and attar (alcohol-free perfume), abayas and modest wear at more traditional prices.
Reliable chains scattered around the Haram for dates, Zamzam packs, snacks and everyday essentials at fixed prices.
The fried-chicken chain pilgrims from around the world talk about — queues are part of the experience, especially near Haram branches after Isha.
Family-style rice-and-meat restaurants around Ajyad and Ibrahim al-Khalil streets — generous plates meant for sharing.
Coffee and light meals with a direct view down onto the Haram and the Ka'bah — worth the elevator queue at least once.
Directly facing Masjid an-Nabawi's King Fahd Gate — a straightforward stop for clothing, perfume and gifts between prayers.
Stalls and shops around the mosque and near Quba selling Ajwa and other Madinah dates by the box — a favourite gift to carry home.
Older souq streets a short walk from the mosque, good for prayer mats, modest clothing and everyday shopping at local prices.
The same beloved fried-chicken and grilled-chicken chains familiar from Makkah, with branches close to the Haram in Madinah too.
Local mandi and mutabbaq maqluba spots around the mosque's southern side — hearty, affordable, and popular after Fajr and Isha.
Quiet cafés facing the mosque's courtyards — a good place to sit with tea between the five daily prayers.
Key sites in both cities, plotted with their names and approximate distance from the main mosque. Switch cities to re-centre the map.
Every Umrah visa issued from outside Saudi Arabia comes with mandatory health insurance already built into the visa fee — here's what it covers, where to get treated, and who to call.
Missing a du'a, found an outdated rule, or wish there was a section on something else? Tell us what would make your Umrah journey smoother — this goes straight to the person building the site.